API 579 Fitness for Service Practice Exam

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• What is CTOD in fracture mechanics, and how is it used in FFS?
• What is the typical role of an FFS assessment report?
• A carbon steel pressure vessel with a 3/4 inch wall thickness that was not PWHT'd and in caustic service operating at 425 deg F should be inspected for which form of cracking?
• CUI (corrosion under insulation) inspection is a concern for an insulated carbon steel vessel that is which of the following?
• The crevice between two materials leads to which mechanism?
• Which data element is primarily used to evaluate crack growth rates in RBI?
• ASME Section VIII had limited restrictions on notch toughness (brittle fracture), prior to what edition?
• What materials have the prime concern with thermal fatigue?
• Which material is affected by both Microbiologically Induced Corrosion and Caustic Stress Cracking?
• Explain the concept of remaining strength in API 579 FFS.
• CUI inspection is a concern for an insulated carbon steel vessel in which of the following conditions?
• What material property is most critical for brittle fracture assessment?
• Which of the following is not a critical factor that contributes to erosion?
• Atmospheric corrosion generally causes:
• Thermal fatigue cracks typically initiate where?
• Which materials are affected by Microbiologically induced corrosion?
• Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking predominantly affects which group of materials?
• What does CoF stand for in the API 579 context?
• What failure mechanism is characterized by cracks propagating parallel to the weld?
• The dagger-shaped, transgranular, oxide-filled crack morphology is most consistent with which fatigue mechanism?
• Which measure is most effective for preventing atmospheric corrosion?
• The effects of temper embrittlement can be reversed by which process?
• The minimum stress amplitude necessary to initiate fatigue cracks is greater than which percentage of ultimate tensile strength?
• Which material is not listed among those affected by Microbiologically Induced Corrosion?
• Which failure mechanism is associated with blister formation under high-temperature hydrogen exposure?
• What materials are affected by mechanical fatigue?
• In API 579, what does inspection interval optimization rely on?
• When selecting a repair approach, which factors are typically considered?
• Which of the following is a key factor affecting time to failure by thermal fatigue?
• If a flaw is detected adjacent to a reinforced area, what is typically required?
• What failure mechanism is characterized by blisters?
• Temper embrittlement is typically associated with which type of steel?
• Defect distributions in RBI are used to compute which metric?
• Which factor most affects the timing of thermal fatigue failure?
• What causes mechanical fatigue?
• Which of the following materials is not likely to have a brittle failure?
• What role do residual stresses in welds play in FFS assessments?
• In an RBI approach, why is the risk matrix used?
• Which statement correctly lists all materials affected by Microbiologically Induced Corrosion?
• What failure mechanism is 'most often' found in the form of uniform thinning?
• Which publication provides safe operating envelopes for steels operating in hydrogen service?
• How would you determine if a flaw is acceptable under a fracture mechanics-based assessment?
• If a flaw is found near a crack arrestor or reinforced area, what is required?
• What failure mechanism is characterized by localized thickness loss and in the form of pits, grooves, gullies, waves, rounded holes and valleys?
• Brittle fracture is typically described as a fracture that occurs with what characteristic behavior?
• How is crack growth rate used in API 579?
• During which of the following would a brittle fracture likely not to occur?
• Which of the following describes the appearance of cracks caused by mechanical fatigue?
• Atmospheric corrosion is most severe in which environment?
• Which materials are affected by Flue Gas Dew Point corrosion?
• Brittle fractures occur due to?
• In RBI, what does PoF stand for?
• What is a likely consequence of using inaccurate loading conditions in FFS?
• Which statement about thermal fatigue is true?
• Which of the following is not a critical factor for thermal fatigue failures?
• In deciding to replace a component, which factors are considered in API 579?
• When would you prefer NSCS analysis over fracture mechanics in API 579?
• Which is not a method of prevention/mitigation of brittle fracture failures?
• What is the significance of operating pressure and temperature in FFS?
• Thermal fatigue cracks are generally filled with?
• Which material does not have an endurance limit?
• Which mechanism is described as galvanic corrosion due to dissimilar metals in a corrosive environment?
• Which statement best describes the scope of materials affected by thermal fatigue?
• Which mechanism is primarily observed as corrosion due to dissimilar metals in an environment leading to preferential corrosion of the more active metal?
• Why is data quality critical in RBI calculations?
• What term describes the loss of material due to impact and relative movement of solids or liquids?
• Distinguish between through-wall flaws and surface-breaking flaws in API 579 evaluation.
• What failure mechanism has an appearance of straight/non-branching cracks with little to no plastic deformation?
• The statement about fatigue crack initiation supported by the material is:
• List three common damage mechanisms addressed by API 579.
• Not a major factor affecting sulfidation?
• Cracks caused by thermal fatigue usually initiate where?
• Which heat treatment reverses temper embrittlement?
• Which statement best describes hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC/HSC) in API 579's damage mechanisms?
• Which is an example of a consequence category in CoF analysis?
• Identify four damage mechanisms commonly assessed under API 579 for metals in service.
• What materials are affected by Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking (caustic embrittlement)?
• What materials are affected by Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking?
• What is a typical outcome when a flaw is found unacceptable in an FFS assessment?
• What is the purpose of a fracture mechanics-based FFS evaluation?
• What failure mechanism is characterized by localized pitting?
• Which material does not have an endurance limit?
• Fatigue cracking caused by high cycle (high frequency) can be difficult to detect, because:
• What PWHT temperature could prevent caustic stress corrosion cracking for Carbon Steel piping?
• Which mechanism is described as Atmospheric exposure with red rust formation?
• Which two main NDE data types feed an FFS calculation?
• What materials have the prime concern with mechanical fatigue?
• During an FFS assessment, what action follows establishing that a flaw is unacceptable under current conditions?
• Which mechanism is characterized by general or localized corrosion with red rust scale?
• If a flaw is initially unacceptable but grows very slowly, what typical action might be taken?
• The minimum stress amplitude necessary to initiate fatigue cracks is
• Which failure mechanism is characterized by broad, shallow pits?
• In Fitness for Service evaluations, how are welded joints treated?
• What is corrosion under insulation (CUI) and how is it treated in API 579?
• Which of the following is not a major factor affecting sulfidation?
• In RBI, how are defect distributions used?
• Which of the following is not a location for erosion?
• Which mechanism is described as Flue Gas Dew Point corrosion affecting carbon steel and related alloys?
• Why is traceability important in API 579 RBI data?
• What failure mechanism is most often characterized by uniform thinning?
• Which of the following is not a factor that could cause a vessel to suffer a brittle fracture?
• Which of the following will not cause thermal fatigue?
• The prime concern for galvanic corrosion involves which materials?
• How does API 579 treat wear and erosion damage in FFS?
• What materials are affected by soil corrosion?
• What is the NSC (Net-Section-Collapse) method focused on in API 579 evaluations?
• What is meant by 'target reliability level' in API 579?
• Thermal fatigue is suspected when temperature swings exceed how many degrees Fahrenheit?
• Which statement about Atmospheric Corrosion is true?
• Which failure mechanism has a 'clam shell' appearance?
• Which preventive measure is most effective against vibration-induced fatigue?
• Which gas is responsible for sulfidation in high-temperature service?
• Which of the following describes the J-Integral?
• Which data quality considerations are essential when performing an API 579 assessment?
• Which of the following is a factor contributing to erosion in piping systems?
• Loss of material by relative movement between, or impact from solids or liquids is;
• Which unit or equipment is not a candidate for thermal fatigue?
• What is a typical deliverable of an RBI study?
• How is CTOD used in NSC/FFS evaluations?
• What do PoF and CoF stand for in RBI context?
• What failure mechanism is characterized by cup-shaped pits within pits?
• Which mechanism is commonly linked with uniform thinning of metal during service?
• Which material groups are at prime risk for brittle fracture?
• Which environment causes the lowest corrosion-rate?
• How does API 579 address pitting in corrosion assessment?
• In API 579 practice, how does NSC determine whether a flaw causes plastic collapse?
• In an API 579 FFS assessment, which evaluation methods are permissible for assessing flaw growth?
• Which material is least susceptible to brittle fracture?
• For carbon steel piping, the PWHT temperature around 1150 degrees helps prevent what failure mode?
• In which scenario would a brittle fracture likely not occur?
• Which of the following describes how brittle fractures occur?
• How does API 579 handle a surface-breaking crack in a pressure vessel?
• Name the two main evaluation paths in API 579 for flaw stability.
• How can a patch repair differ from full replacement in API 579 guidance?
• Atmospheric corrosion is most severe in?
• What is the primary objective of API 579 Fitness-for-Service?
• What is the role of damage mechanism interaction in API 579?
• What determines RBI goals and inspection intervals in API 579?
• Sulfidation of iron based alloys usually begins at?
• What is the typical purpose of an acceptable flaw size in the NSC method?
• Mechanical fatigue is caused by?
• Which material is least affected by atmospheric corrosion?
• Which mechanism is characterized by highly localized thickness loss with a appearance of loose, flaky scale?
• Which describes the appearance of a brittle fracture failure?
• What failure mechanism is characterized by surface highly branched crazed cracks?
• What are some of the preventive methods for mitigation of vibration-induced fatigue?
• Which statement best describes damage mechanism interaction?
• Which mechanism is associated with pitting in condensate-related corrosion?
• Thermal fatigue cracks are generally filled with which substance?
• In sulfidation, how does chromium content affect resistance?
• What publication provides safe operating envelopes for steels operating in hydrogen service?
• What is the importance of loading conditions in API 579 FFS?
• How can corrosion rate be updated in RBI as new data becomes available?
• What is K_IC and why is it important to API 579?
• What is the best means to prevent atmospheric corrosion?
• What is the role of corrosion rate in RBI within API 579?
• What does 'leak-before-break' imply in API 579?
• Which of the following is NOT a means to prevent/mitigate thermal fatigue failure?
• In NSC evaluation, which factor is used to determine if a flaw will cause plastic collapse?
• Under what circumstances would replacement be recommended instead of continuing operation with a flaw?
• How is Consequence of Failure (CoF) determined in RBI?
• Which corrosion mechanism is characterized by chloride-induced, surface cracks in stainless steels?
• Which materials are affected by CUI?
• Sulfidation corrosion most often causes which type of corrosion?
• What materials have the prime concern with brittle fracture?
• What is typically included in data collection for an FFS assessment?
• Pitting can lead to which consequence in corrosion assessment?
• Which repair methods may be included under API 579 guidance?
• What failure mechanism is dagger-shaped, transgranular and oxide filled?
• Name two common NDE methods used for flaw sizing in API 579.
• What does RBI stand for in API 579, and what are its two core elements?
• How does temperature influence the choice of fracture mechanism evaluation in API 579?
• Fatigue cracking will not occur to carbon Steel and low alloys if stresses are below endurance limits.
• Which of the following are the preferred NDE methods for detecting external chloride stress corrosion cracking in austenitic stainless steel piping systems?
• Which evaluation path in API 579 explicitly uses fracture mechanics parameters such as K_IC or CTOD to assess crack stability?
• Which material is most susceptible to temper embrittlement?
• Which of the following is a means to prevent/mitigate thermal fatigue failure?
• What does the J-integral quantify in API 579?
• ASME Section VIII restrictions prior to edition 1987 were limited; what is the edition year?
• Sulfidation is primarily caused by which species produced by the decomposition of sulfur compounds at high temperatures?
• What are the main steps in performing an FFS assessment according to API 579?
• In RBI, what does CoF stand for?
• How does chromium content affect resistance to sulfidation in steels?
• In flaw sizing, which parameter commonly defines crack size in fracture mechanics terms?
• Brittle fracture is not typically a concern with which of the following?
• Sulfidation of iron based alloys usually begins at which temperature?
• After an FFS assessment, what does API 579 guidance say about repair options?
• Which of the following materials are not affected by Sulfidation?
• Which approach is NOT an effective mitigation for brittle fracture risk?
• Which of the following is not a critical factor that contributes to erosion/corrosion?
• Which mechanism is characterized by pitting?
• What materials are affected by Boiler Water Condensate Corrosion?
• What materials have the prime concern with erosion/erosion corrosion?